Widal Test- Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Interpretation and Limitation

Introduction of Widal Test

  • Widal Test is an agglutination test which detects the presence of serum agglutinins (H and O) in patients serum with typhoid and paratyphoid fever.
  • When facilities for culturing are not available, the Widal test is the reliable and can be of value in the diagnosis of typhoid fevers in endemic areas.
  • It was developed by Georges Ferdinand Widal in 1896.
  • The patient’s serum is tested for O and H antibodies (agglutinins) against the following antigen suspensions (usually stained suspensions):
    S. Typhi 0 antigen suspension, 9, 12
    S. Typhi H antigen suspension, d
    S. Paratyphi A 0 antigen suspension, 1, 2, 12
    S. Paratyphi A H antigen suspension, a
    S. Paratyphi B 0 antigen suspension, 1, 4, 5, 12
    S. Paratyphi B H antigen suspension, b, phase 1
    S. Paratyphi C 0 antigen suspension, 6, 7
    S. Paratyphi C H antigen suspension, c, phase 1
  • Salmonella antibody starts appearing in serum at the end of first week and rise sharply during the 3rd week of endemic fever. In acute typhoid fever, O agglutinins can usually be detected 6–8 days after the onset of fever and H agglutinins after 10–12 days.
  • It is preferable to test two specimens of sera at an interval of 7 to 10 days to demonstrate a rising antibody titre.
  • Salmonella antigen suspensions can be used as slide and tube techniques.

Principle of Widal Test

Bacterial suspension which carry antigen will agglutinate on exposure to antibodies to Salmonella organisms. Patients’ suffering from enteric fever would possess antibodies in their sera which can react and agglutinate serial doubling dilutions of killed, colored Salmonella antigens in a agglutination test.

The main principle of widal test is that if homologous antibody is present in patients serum, it will react with respective antigen in the reagent and gives visible clumping on the test card and agglutination in the tube. The antigens used in the test are “H” and “O” antigens of Salmonella Typhi and “H” antigen of S. Paratyphi. The paratyphoid “O” antigen are not employed as they cross react with typhoid “O” antigen due to the sharing of factor 12. “O” antigen is a somatic antigen and “H” antigen is flagellar antigen.

Preparation of Widal Antigens

  • H suspension of bacteria is prepared by adding 0.1 per cent formalin to a 24 hours broth culture or saline suspension of an agar culture.
  • For preparation of O suspensions of bacteria, the organisms is cultured on phenol agar (1:800) to inhibit flagella.
  • Standard smooth strains of the organism are used; S Typhi 901, O and H strains are employed for this purpose.
  • The growth is then emulsified in small volume of saline, mixed with 20 times its volume of alcohol, heated at 40° C to 50° C for 30 minutes and centrifuged.
  • The antigens are treated with chloroform (preservative) and appropriate dyes are added for easy identification of antigens.

Procedure of Widal Test

SLIDE TEST

  1. Place one drop of positive control on one reaction circles of the slide.
  2. Pipette one drop of Isotonic saline on the next reaction cirlcle. (-ve Control).
  3. Pipette one drop of the patient serum tobe tested onto the remaining four reaction circles.
  4. Add one drop of Widal TEST antigen suspension ‘H’ to the first two reaction circles. (PC & NC).
  5. Add one drop each of ‘O’, ‘H’, ‘AH’ and ‘BH’ antigens to the remaining four reaction circles.
  6. Mix contents of each circle uniformly over the entire circle with separate mixing sticks.
  7. Rock the slide, gently back and forth and observe for agglutination macroscopically within one minute.

SEMI-QUANTITATIVE METHOD

  1. Pipette one drop of isotonic saline into the first reaction circle and then place 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 ul of the test sample on the remaining circles.
  2. Add to each reaction circle, a drop of the antigen which showed agglutination with the test sample in the screening method.
  3. Using separate mixing sticks, mix the contents of each circle uniformly over the reaction circles.
  4. Rock the slide gently back and forth, observe for agglutination macroscopically within one minute.

STANDARD TUBE TEST METHOD

In Widal Test, two types of tubes were originally used:
(1) Dreyer’s tube (narrow tube with conical bottom) for H agglutination and
(2) Felix tube (short round-bottomed tube) for O agglutination.

Now a days 3 x 0.5 ml Kahn tubes are used for both types of agglutination.

  1. Take 4 sets of 8 Kahn tubes/test tubes and label them 1 to 8 for O, H, AH and BH antibody detection.
  2. Pipette into the tube No.1 of all sets 1.9 ml of isotonic saline.
  3. To each of the remaining tubes (2 to 8) add 1.0 ml of isotonic saline.
  4. To the tube No.1 tube in each row add 0.1 ml of the serum sample to be tested and mix well.
  5. Transfer 1.0 ml of the diluted serum from tube no.1 to tube no.2 and mix well.
  6. Transfer 1.0 ml of the diluted sample from tube no.2 to tube no.3 and mix well. Continue this serial dilution till tube no.7 in each set.
  7. Discard 1.0 ml of the diluted serum from tube No.7 of each set.
  8. Tube No.8 in all the sets, serves as a saline control. Now the dilution of the serum sample achieved in each set is as follows: Tube No. : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (control) Dilutions 1:20 1:40 1:80 1:160 1:320 1:640 1:1280.
  9. To all the tubes (1 to 8) of each set add one drop of the respective WIDALTEST antigen suspension (O, H, AH and BH) from the reagent vials and mix well.
  10. Cover the tubes and incubate at 37° C overnight (approximately 18 hours).
  11. Dislodge the sedimented button gently and observe for agglutination.

Above protocols are obtained from WIDAL TEST: Swemed Diagnostics

Interpretation of Widal Test

SLIDE TEST

Interpretation of Widal Test- Slide Method
  • Agglutination is a positive test result and if the positive reaction is observed with 20 ul of test sample, it indicates presence of clinically significant levels of the corresponding antibody in the patient serum.
  • No agglutination is a negative test result and indicates absence of clinically significant levels of the corresponding antibody in the patient serum.

TUBE-METHOD

Interpretation of Widal Test- Tube Method
  • The titre of the patient serum using Widal test antigen suspensions is the highest dilution of the serum sample that gives a visible agglutination.
  • The sample which shows the titre of 1:100 or more for O agglutinations and 1:200 or more for H agglutination should be considered as clinically significant (active infection). Example: In the above figure, titre is 160.
  • Demonstration of 4-fold rise between the two is diagnostic.
  • H agglutination is more reliable than O agglutinin.
  • Agglutinin starts appearing in serum by the end of 1st week with sharp rise in 2nd and 3rd week and the titre remains steady till 4th week after which it declines.

Limitations of Widal Test

  • The Widal test is time consuming (to find antibody titre) and often times when diagnosis is reached it is too late to start an antibiotic regimen.
  • The Widal test should be interpreted in the light of baseline titers in a healthy local population.
  • The Widal test may be falsely positive in patients who have had previous vaccination or infection with S. Typhi.
  • Besides cross-reactivity with other Salmonella species, the test cannot distinguish between a current infection and a previous infection or vaccination against typhoid.
  • Widal titers have also been reported in association with the dysgammaglobulinaemia of chronic active hepatitis and other autoimmune diseases.
  • False positive Widal test results are also known to occur in typhus, acute falciparum malaria
    (particularly in children), chronic liver disease associated with raised globulin levels and disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, myelomatosis and nephrotic syndrome.
  • False negative results may be associated with early treatment, with “hidden organisms” in bone and joints, and with relapses of typhoid fever. Occasionally the infecting strains are poorly immunogenic.
  • False negative Widal tests may be due to antibody responses being blocked by early antimicrobial treatment or following a typhoid relapse.
  • Severe hypoproteinaemia may also prevent a rise in 0 and H antibody titres.
  • The antibody levels found in a healthy population however, may vary from time to time and in different areas, making it difficult to establish a cut off level of baseline antibody in a defined area and community.
  • In low typhoid endemic areas, weak and delayed O and H antibody responses limit the usefulness of the Widal test. Variations also exist between laboratories in the performance and reading of Widal tests which compromise further the reliability of the test.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) has said that due to the various factors that can influence the results of a Widal test, it is best not to rely too much on this test.

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206 thoughts on “Widal Test- Introduction, Principle, Procedure, Interpretation and Limitation”

    • Sir, Please help me understand the following
      I had this after a widal test
      Paratyphi A , result TO <1/20 TH <1/20
      Paratyphi B,. ….. TO <1/20 TH <1/20
      Paratyphi C ……. Etc

      Reply
  1. My test result
    Somatic antigen “o”
    Paratyphi A =1/80
    Paratyphi B = 1/80
    Paratyphi C =1/40
    Typhil D =1/80

    Flagella Antigen “H”
    Paratyphi a =1/20
    Paratyphi b=1/40
    Paratyphi c=1/40
    Typhil d =1/80
    Pls interpret for me

    Reply
  2. Hi, my results are:
    1) typh O: Negative
    2) typh H: Positive 1/20

    3) paratyph A: Positive 1/20
    4) paratyph B: Positive 1/20

    Is this positive for typhoid or paratyphoid? – should I go to a doctor?

    Also other high values in my blood:

    Anisocytosis RDW-SD is 46.9 (normal 36.4~46.3) fL
    Monocytes-% is 7 (normal 3~7) %

    Thank you so much

    Reply
    • first 1/20 is not not positive result and rdw also are not an abnormal value or critical .monocyte are also not abnormal so cool down

      Reply
  3. Hi
    my wife Widal test results are
    S.Typhi-O 1:160
    S.Typhi-H No Agglutination
    S. Paratyphi – A(H) No Agglutination
    S. Paratyphi – B(H) No Agglutination
    does this indicate wheter she is having typhoid

    Reply
  4. Hello, please help interpret this widal test result.

    Salmonella Typhi “O” 1/80
    Salmonella Typhi “H” 1/40
    Salmonella Paratyphi “A” 1/40
    Salmonella Paratyphi (a) 1/40
    Salmonella Paratyphi “B” 1/80
    Salmonella Paratyphi (b) 1/80
    Salmonella Paratyphi “C” 1/80
    Salmonella Paratyphi (c) 1/160

    Reply
  5. My daughter had been immunized for Typhoid. However recently she has been having relapsing fever for past 11 days but no other symptoms. Widal test results were :

    S Typhi O Antigen Titre 1:160
    S Typhi H Antigen Titre 1:80
    S Typhi AH Antigent Titre 1:160
    S Typhi BH Antingen Titre 1:80

    Is this positive for Typhoid

    Reply
  6. Interpreted typhoid test results
    AH Agglutination seen 1:320
    BH No Agglutination
    O. Agglutination 1:160
    H. Agglutination 1:40

    Reply
    • S.typhi O antigen no agglutination
      S.typhi H antigen positive (1:160)
      S.paratyphi A H antigen no agglutination
      S.paratyphi B H antigen no agglutination

      As per above report please advise…

      Reply
      • Go for typhidot tesing. It detects OMP (Outer Membrane Protein) on typhoid bacteria.It is as good as blood culture means almost 100 % reliable. Result is obtained within 30 minutes, whereas blood culture takes 3-5 days.

        Reply
  7. Sir my son aged 14years report is salm. Typhil O=1:160 &salm typhil H=1:40 , salm parat AH 1:20 &salam paraty Ah1:20 what is it say

    Reply
  8. I went for a widal reaction

    Salmonella Typhi O 1/160 H 1/40
    Salmonella Paratyphi A. H 1/40 H 1/80
    Salmonella Paratyphi B. H 1/40 H 1/40
    Salmonella Paratyphi C. H 1/40 H 1/80

    Reply
  9. Sir please is this widal test result significant: S. Paratyphi A 1:20 “O” 1:160 “H”
    S. Paratyphi B 1:160 “O” 1:20 “H”, S. Paratyphi C 1:20 “O” 1:160 “H”

    Reply
  10. sir how to give the agglutination if the result is like this is this is positive agglutination or negative agglutination please let me now thanking you sir . naveenkumar.j
    1) Salmonella typh O Titr : 1 in 40 dilution
    2) Salmonella typh H Titr : 1 in 40 dilution

    3) salmonella paratyph AH titr : less than 1 in 20 dilution
    4) salmonella paratyph BH titr : less than 1 in 20 dilution

    Reply
  11. dear/sir
    I sow same one patient widal test result
    Typhoid O=1:320
    Typhoid H=1:160
    he feeling hedage, and fever and stomach pain
    please tell me reporting results positive or negative

    Reply
  12. What is the salmonella D anti-serum is ?
    Or
    Salmonella D anti-serum is used for the serotyping of:
    A) S.paratyphi A
    B)S.paratyphi B
    C)A.typhi
    D) any of above

    Reply
    • I m rashid…Sir i m felling fever after mild common cold..my widal report display
      S.Typhi H….. -ve
      S.Typhi o….. 1:40
      S.Typhi AH …-ve

      Should this parameters reflect my positiveness. Of Typhoid infection.

      Reply
  13. Sir please is this widal test result significant. I was admitted in hospital and treatment for typhoid two weeks ago.
    Sal typhi O 1:160 H 1:160
    Sal paratphi A. O 1:80 H 1:80
    B. O 1:160 H 1:160
    C. O 1:80 H 1:160
    Thanks a lot

    Reply
    • Its very significant and requires treatment. Ur titre values are up. You have five 160’s which is such a high titre. I do hope you feel better now based on the medication you are placed on?

      Reply
  14. Sir, my wife age 35 her widal report is

    TO – 1:160
    TH – 1:160
    AH – 1:80
    BH – 1:80

    how this report Negetive or Positive?

    Reply
    • If O antigen is => 1:160 then it is positive . When H antigen is => 1:160, it means not positive but active infection.

      Reply
      • Haemoglobin-12.8
        S.typhi “O”-positive(1:160 dil)
        S.typhi “H”-positive(1:80 dil)
        S.para typhi “A(H)”- negative(1:20 dil)
        S.para typhi “B(H)”- negative(1:20 dil)

        Reply
  15. Hello sir..nice article. Why are we not detecting S.paratyphiC in widal test??because some kits contains antigen for S.paratyphiC, why not in others?

    Reply
  16. Dear All,

    My 7 yrs kid’s WIDAL Test report are:

    S.TYPHI ‘O’ – 1:160
    S.TYPHI ‘H’ – 1:320
    S.TYPHI ‘A0’ – 1:40
    S.TYPHI ‘AH’ – 1:40
    S.TYPHI ‘BO’ – 1:40
    S.TYPHI ‘BH’ – 1:40

    He is having stomach pain, dizziness, feeling sleepy most of the time since last 8 days and fever of 102 and above since last 4 days.
    Since last 4 days, after ‘Ibuprofen’ fever syrup (300 mg) and ‘Cefixime’ antibiotic (400 mg/12 hours) application fever of 102 and above has been continuing every after 9/10 hours.

    We are so panic…. Please reply us with your advice.

    Is the having Typhoid or not?
    Is this stomach pain is due to typhoid or something else ?
    Which is the treatment procedure ?
    How many days it will may continue ?

    Reply
  17. Dear All,

    My 3yr old child’s WIDAL Test report as per below;

    S.TYPHI ‘O’ – agglutination seen 1:40 titre
    S.TYPHI ‘H’ – agglutination seen 1:40 titre
    S.TYPHI ‘AH’ – No agglutination seen
    S.TYPHI ‘BH’ – No agglutination seen

    He is having stomach pain, dizziness, feeling sleepy all time since last 17 days and fever of 102 and above since last 4 days and now after FLEXON fever syrup and ZIFI 100 antibiotic application since last 3 days body tem. Is normal but still having stomach pain & dry heavy coughing…..

    Blood report shown 3400 WBC against normal range of 4000 to 11000……and CRP quantitative 6.6 mg/L against normal range of <2.8

    One doctor said he is having typhoid fever and other said he is having viral fever…. he is on antibiotic – 7.5ml (ZIFI 100) since last 4 days…..along with FLEXON (10ml), Asthalin (3.5ml), Bro-zedex (3.5ml) and frisium table (2 per day) and cyclopean (5ml) when he is having acute stomach pain.

    We are so panic…..as he is having febrile convulsion in last Aug-2016, hence any fever above 100F makes us in tremendous panic and worry….

    Request your urgent help…..

    Is the having Typhoid or not?
    Is this stomach pain is due to typhoid or something else
    Is this dry heavy cough is due to typhoid or something else

    Reply
  18. 1-Repeat your test at medical college level. Go and discuss youe case to some Prof cum Dr of microbiology department. Request for test that takes 18 hrs to give result.
    2- Kindly do your urine and stool culture for salmonella if prof cum Dr suggests you.
    Now comes the treatment part…….
    Your and such type of other case are called Carrier of enteric fever. If otherwise no problem leave it other wise you may need removal of galk bladder

    Reply
  19. Do a culture and then sensitivity. You may be on an antibiotic regime which is not effectively sensitive to the organism. Then once an effective antibiotic I’d prescribed make sure you are administering it as prescribed that is do not skip any until course is complete. And ensure to complete the cause even if you’re feeling better.
    Hope that suffices

    Reply
  20. Being on Antibiotics for that long is not the solution and not the best idea either considering that drugs are xenobiotics and again, you could eventually become resistant to most of the antibiotics. However, the best approach could be to run a stool MCS (Microscopy, Culture and Sensitivity). Through this Microbiological procedure, you could actually know the right antibiotic to take and at what amount and dosage and what period it would need to clear your typhoid.

    Finally, ensure to complete the dosage as prescribed because when you don’t complete your treatment regime for microbial infections, they tend to reoccur and when it does, they must have grown quite resistant to the first drug you use.

    You may also have to mind your source of drinking water. Live Healthy.

    Reply
  21. Hi , could someone please advise he meaning of hear test results? ;
    Salmonella paratyphi BH Ab 1280
    “. “. AO Ab 20
    “. “. AH ab <20
    ". ". BO ab 20

    Reply
  22. Hi my brother had fever and took test on two diff dates. His result is
    Jan 21
    salmonella thypi “o” – positive 1:40
    Salmonella thypi “h” – positive 1:40
    Salmonella para thypi “ah” – negative
    Salmonella para thypi “bh” – negative

    Reply
  23. Hi All,
    I had typhoid from past one month, taken treatment (5 days Through IV and 1 week through Tablets), 20 days later i given for test, the report shows like this:

    S.TYPHI ‘O’ 1:80
    S.TYPHI ‘H’ NEGATIVE
    S.PARATYPHI ‘AH’ NEGATIVE
    S.PARATYPHI ‘BH’ NEGATIVE

    Can you please help me, Its Positive OR Negative.
    From past two days i have leg pain and body pain with fatigue.

    Reply
  24. I am 69 years old.My widal test report is below

    1:30. 1:60. 1:120. 1:240.

    TO. – – – –
    TH. – – – –
    AH. – – – –
    BH. – – – –

    Please let me know the results.
    Thanks

    Reply
  25. my child (10 Years) report is below pls advise. this report is positive ?

    S.Typhi “O” Antigen : 1:120
    S.Typhi “H” Antigen : 1:120
    S.Paratyphi “AH” Antigen : TITRE<1:30 (NEGATIVE)
    S.Paratyphi "BH" Antigen : TITRE<1:30 (NEGATIVE)

    Reply
  26. hi sir
    this is my widal test report by the slide method. is I normal or not ?? . please help me
    1/20. 1/40. 1/80. 1/160. 1/320
    TYPHY ” O. –
    TYPHI ” H. – –
    TYPHI ” AH. – – –
    TYPHI “BH. – – –

    Reply
  27. Sir,
    Kindly tell me about this report, wether it is positive or negative.
    S.Typhi “O” (Somatic) Antigen Titre <40
    S. Typhi "H" (Flagellar) Antigen Titre <40
    S.Paratyphi A "H"(Flagellar)Antigen Titre <40
    S.Paratyphi B "H" (Flagellar)Antigen Titre <40

    Reply
  28. Hello sir pls I v been experiencing headache and decided to test for malaria and typhoid . Malaria came out negative. Typhoid came with typhi o 1/160 and H 1/20. Am confused.pls explain to me .is it deadly serious or it will changed to negative when I take antibiotics.pls prescribe one for me.thank u.

    Reply
  29. | 1:20 | 1:40 | 1:80 | 1:60 | 1:320 |
    TO > + + + – – |
    TH > + + + – – |
    AH > – – – – – |
    BH > – – – – – |
    —————————————–

    Reply
  30. Hi my wife report below i took review for 2 dr one says take typhoid medicine and other says it not relaible on second day if fever as she also has maleria check for typhoid after 2 days below is the report
    Typhi h 1/40
    Typhi O 1/160

    I am confused pls help

    Reply
  31. Sir, My widal test positive came by card method & I have take 10 days heavy antibiotic.
    But after 10 day I have rechecked by slive method but surprisingly its came negative.

    Please explain its possible

    Reply
  32. Sir, what is this result I have not understand this report. And I have not understand in English language please tell us in Kannada language. My Blood Report is this type
    salmonella ‘O’ 1:320
    salmonella ‘H’ 1:160
    Salmonella ‘AH’ 1:40
    Salmonella ‘BH’ 1:20

    Reply
  33. widal test 1:20 1:40 1:60 1:80 1:160 1:320
    s typhi’o’ + + + + +
    s typhi’h’ + + + – –
    s paratyphi AH + – – – –
    s paratyphi BH – – – – –
    CONCUSION POSITIVE

    Reply
  34. Hi,

    Could you please look into the report below and advice me, Is my health condition disturbed or am I normal?

    S Typhi ‘H’ Titre 1/40
    S Typhi ‘O’ Titre 1/80
    S Para Typhi ‘A’ Titre 1/20
    S Para Typhi ‘B’ Titre 1/20

    Kindly let me know at the earliest

    Reply
  35. I have the following result
    Widal
    S.TyphiAntigen O :<1 in 20 dilutions
    S.TyphiAntigen H :<1 in 20 dilutions
    S.Paratyphi A. :<1 in 20 dilutions
    S.Paratypi B. :<1 in 20 dilutions
    Whether I am Typhoid positive or negative?

    Reply
  36. My condition is

    S typhi O negative
    S typhi H negative
    S paratyphi AH 1/160
    S paratyphi BH 1/160
    I have slight fever in morning hours, but return to normal during day time.
    Is it due to my previous infection with S typhi O positive, or is it new infection?
    Please interpret.
    Thanks very much for helping me in advance.

    Reply
  37. Useful Guide.
    Please explain.
    Salmonella typhi “O”Titre :1:80 Dilutions ?
    Salmonella typhi “H”Titre :1:80 Dilutions ?
    Please reply.

    Reply
  38. Hello
    My test results after taking antibiotics “cipro tabs” for 10 daysis still:

    TYPHI TO. Titre 80
    PARATYPHI BO. Titre 160

    Please what should i do and what should i take?

    Reply
  39. Widal test report:

    1:20 1:40 1:80 1:160 1:320 1:640 1:1280
    O + + + + + + +
    TH + + + + + + –
    AH – – – – – – –
    BH – – – – – – –

    Something wrong with the report? This is report of my mother who is 51 years old.
    Please comment

    Reply
  40. Here is my blood examination report

    “o” antigen agglutination 1:80 Dilution
    “H” Antigen Agglutination 1:160 Dilution
    Para A(H)Antigen Agglutination 1:20 Dilution
    Para B(H)Antigen Agglutination 1:20 Dilution

    Serum Bilirubin 0.8 Mg%

    can pls check this report

    Reply
    • To +1/60, th +1/60, ah -1/60 , bh – 1/60
      To – 1/120,th – 1/120,ah – 1/120,bh-1/120
      To – 1/240,th – 1/240,ah – 1/240,bh-1/240
      I know about typhoid positive or negative

      Reply
  41. My widal test reports are:
    S.typhi O= less than 1:160
    S.typhi H=less than 1:80
    S.para typhi AH: negative
    S.para typhi BH: Negative
    Is it normal or I still have the fever??? And does it transmit to other person through sex??

    Reply
  42. HAI PL SEND THE WIDAL DILUTION DETAILS for slide method
    s.typhi ‘o’ & ‘H’ (How much pt.serum (ul)taken and how much reagents add give the dilution details for given belw all dilutions
    1/20
    1/40
    1/60
    1/80
    1/160
    1/320

    Reply
  43. my widal report.
    o antisen : positive (1:40)
    H angigen : negative
    AH antigen : negative
    BH antigen : negative
    please tell me this report is negative or positive

    Reply
  44. My friend has Jaundice and the following test is also taken for him.

    Widal Test :

    Investigation Result

    S. Typhi ‘O’ Antigen 1 : 20 dils
    S. Typhi ‘H” Antigen 1 : 20 dils
    S. Para Typhi ‘AH’ Antigen 1 : 20 dils
    S. Para Typhi ‘BH’ Antigen 1 : 20 dils

    What does it mean?
    If something is not well, what precautions have to be taken?

    Please let me know in detail as we all stay far from home and need to take proper care of ourselves.

    Reply
    • Perfectly normal report. Typhoid do causes hepatitis leading to yellowish discoloration of eye but that is not a common presentation.

      Reply
    • My widal test for typhoid shows the following results. Tell me whether the report is negative or positive.
      Widal Report:
      S. TYPHI O 1:20
      s. TYPHI H 1:20
      S.PARATYPHI AH 1:20
      S.PARATYPHI BH 1:20

      Reply
  45. For the past ten years i noticed that my widal test used to be highly reactive i.e btw 1:160 and 1:320 even after treating with ceftriazone… I want to know whether its possible to be a carrier.

    Reply
    • The test says s typhil TO-Negative..S typhil TH titre160 positive. And S paratyphil AH.Negative S paratyphil BH.Negative. S typhil AO.negative.. S paratyphil BO.negative. Sparatyphil CO.negative. S paratyphil.CH.negative and malaria negaive. I feel terrible headache and weak

      Reply
    • Sir,
      I have typhoid nd report shows
      ANTIGEN-S.TYPHI’H’
      TITER-1:320
      SO I WANT TO KNOW THAT HOW MUCH IT IS STROG
      OR THIS TYPHOID CAN BE SHOWN IN RESULT WITH ONE WHOLE DAY HIGH fever

      Reply
    • My typhoid result reads
      S. Typhi O 1/80. H1/160
      S. Para A 1/20. H1/20
      S. Para B 1/320. H1/40
      S. Para C 1/20. H 1/20
      Does this means I have typhoid? And how high is it because I am seriously feeling feverish and tired with no appetite.

      Reply
  46. My widal test result is follows;

    S typhi TO 1:80
    S Paratyphi AO 1:40
    S Paratyphi BO 1:20
    S typhi TH 1:60
    S Paratyphi AH 1:40
    S Paratyphi BH 1:20

    Please let me know my fever condition…waiting for your response

    Reply
  47. Good day,

    Please kindly help out with this.

    Widal
    O H
    S.typhi 1/40 1/80
    S.para typhi A 1/80 1/20
    S.para typhi B 1/20 1/20
    S.para typhi C 1/80 1/20

    Please kindly help me interpret it and also the correct medication for me to take and how serious it is.thank you

    Reply
  48. Will rheumatoid arthritis problem show thypi h and o as positive. Please give your suggestions. In my mother’s report h and o is 1:80 and shown as positive.
    Is there and intrlink for both…

    Reply
  49. Good day,

    Please kindly help out with this.

    Widal
    O H
    S.typhi 1/40 1/80
    S.para typhi A 1/80 1/20
    S.para typhi B 1/20 1/20
    S.para typhi C 1/80 1/20

    Please kindly help me interpret it and also the correct medication for me to take and how serious it is.thank you

    Reply
  50. widely test had been my result is
    T(o)-1:160
    T(o)-1:160.
    Please say me negative or positive.
    But I don’t have fever only stomach pain and infection.

    How many days it take to cure,

    Reply
    • you are positive..but if you take treatment for 2 weeks daily..the disease will stop spreading and you will be surely healed..take care

      Reply
  51. Hi, my Widal Test give me this results

    1:20 1:40 1:80 1:160 1:320
    A + + + + –
    B – – – – –
    H – – – – –
    O – – – – –

    Thanks for your help.

    Reply
  52. I am studying the duration the antigens of Salmonella Typhi will remain in the blood and show a reactive result in a titre od 1:80. Could you please specify the duration of approximate days or months after febrile infection.

    Thanks in advance.

    Reply
  53. What does that supposed to mean! Not significant ?! Could u please interprete
    BO 1:160 not significant
    TO 1:80
    Thank you anyway 🙂

    Reply
  54. Please kindly interprete this for me. S.typhyi O 1/60
    S.typhyi H 1/20
    S.para typhyi AO 1/20
    S.para typhi BO 1/80
    S.para typhi BH 1/20
    S.para typi CO 1/20
    S.para typhi CH 1/20
    Please kindly help me interpretate it and also the correct medication for me to take and how serious it is.thank you

    Reply
  55. STO(Agglutination)less than 1:20
    STH(Agglutination)less than 1:20
    SPAH(Agglutination)less than 1:20
    SPBH(Agglutination)less than 1:20
    Is it POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

    Reply
  56. Pls interpret this Widal test results. is it positive or negative?
    S typhil O =1:80 , H =1:80
    S.paratyphi A- O =1:20, A-H= 1:20
    “. ”
    A-O, C-O , B-H, C-H , all are 1:20

    Thanks.

    Reply
  57. Can we didferentiate the Widal test positivity that is due to previous vaccination (or past infection) and due to recent infection ? Is there any guidelines to differentiate positivity depends on dilution? Or we have to depends on other investigation for this purpose ?

    Reply
  58. If reading is 1/160, then after ten days became 1/320 does this indicate an increase or a decrease? Kindly reply, what does this ratio mean 1 of what to 160 of what? Thanks a lot…

    Reply
  59. Day 1
    S.Typhi H Positive 1:160
    S.Typhi O Positive 1:160

    Day 25
    S.Typhi H Positive 1:320
    S.Typhi O Positive 1:320

    Note
    Stool
    No ova & parasites observed
    Salmonella, shigella, E coli not isolated

    Reply
  60. Sir my widal test report is

    S.typhi “o” 1:160 dilu
    S.typhi “h” 1:160 dilu
    S.paratyphi “ah” : Negative
    S.paratyphi “bh” : negative
    it means

    Reply
  61. 1) Salmonella typh O Titr : 1 in 40 dilution
    2) Salmonella typh H Titr : 1 in 40 dilution

    3) salmonella paratyph AH titr : less than 1 in 20 dilution
    4) salmonella paratyph BH titr : less than 1 in 20 dilution

    Reply
  62. My widal test are as below:-
    SALMONELLA TYPHI “O”_ 1:80 Dilutions
    SALMONELLA TYPHI “H”_ 1:40 Dilutions
    SALMONELLA TYPHI “AH”_ 1:20 Dilutions
    SALMONELLA TYPHI “BH”_ 1:20 Dilutions
    What is your opinior, is it negative or positive.

    Reply

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