Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell.
Meiosis is a type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells.
Following are the differences between Mitosis and Meiosis:
| S.N. | Differences | Mitosis | Meiosis |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Type of Reproduction | Asexual | Sexual |
| 2 | Genetically | Similar | Different |
| 3 | Crossing Over | No, crossing over cannot occur. | Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. |
| 4 | Number of Divisions | One | Two |
| 5 | Pairing of Homologs | No | Yes |
| 6 | Mother Cells | Can be either haploid or diploid | Always diploid |
| 7 | Number of Daughter Cells produced | 2 diploid cells | 4 haploid cells |
| 8 | Chromosome Number | Remains the same. | Reduced by half. |
| 9 | Chromosomes Pairing | Does Not Occur | Takes place during zygotene of prophase I and continue upto metaphase I. |
| 10 | Creates | Makes everything other than sex cells. | Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells. |
| 11 | Takes Place in | Somatic Cells | Germ Cells |
| 12 | Chiasmata | Absent | Observed during prophase I and metaphase I. |
| 13 | Spindle Fibres | Disappear completely in telophase. | Do not disappear completely in telophase I. |
| 14 | Nucleoli | Reappear at telophase | Do not reappear at telophase I. |
| 15 | Steps | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. | (Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I; (Meiosis 2) Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. |
| 16 | Karyokinesis | Occurs in Interphase. | Occurs in Interphase I. |
| 17 | Cytokinesis | Occurs in Telophase. | Occurs in Telophase I and in Telophase II. |
| 18 | Centromeres Split | The centromeres split during anaphase. | The centromeres do not separate during anaphase I, but during anaphase II. |
| 19 | Prophase | Simple | Complicated |
| 20 | Prophase | Duration of prophase is short, usually of few hours. | Prophase is comparatively longer and may take days. |
| 21 | Synapsis | No Synapsis | Synapsis of Homologous chromosomes takes place during prophase. |
| 22 | Exchange of Segments | Two chromatids of a chromosome do not exchange segments during prophase. | Chromatids of two homologous chromosome exchange segments during crossing over. |
| 23 | Discovered by | Walther Flemming | Oscar Hertwig |
| 24 | Function | Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body. | Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. |
| 25 | Function | Takes part in healing and repair. | Takes part in the formation of gametes and maintenance of chromosome number. |
Thanks,it so simple to understand with this pattern
The table makes the topic very simple and understanding
Thank you
but please tell briefly about both means in meiosis the chromosome number is half . I cannot understand this please explain
Thanks a lot !It is exactly which I need to clarify! The table is useful for clear summarization!
Really nice and clear to understand. Table makes it easy to tell the difference between the two, thank you so much.
The table is so summerised that I can easily understand .the information has helped
Best explanation I have ever read about meiosis and mitosis …
Thank you SO MUCH for this table it is exactly what i needed for clarification.
I don’t mean to correct you I think you meant JOB. :]