Ames test it is a biological assay to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds. It utilizes bacteria to test whether a given chemical can cause mutations in the DNA of the test organism. The test was developed by Bruce N. Ames in 1970s to determine if … Read more
Fungal cell membranes have a unique sterol, ergosterol, which replaces cholesterol found in mammalian cell membranes. An antifungal agent is a drug that selectively eliminates fungal pathogens from a host with minimal toxicity to the host. 1. Polyene antibiotics The poleyenes possess a macrocyclic ring, … Read more
Blood cells are the cells which are produced during hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood. Blood is composed of the blood cells which accounts for 45% of the blood tissue by volume, with the remaining 55% of the volume composed of plasma, the liquid … Read more
S.N. Characteristics Serum Plasma 1. Definition Serum is the liquid part of the blood after the coagulation. Plasma is a clear and yellowish fluid part of the blood. 2. Composition Serum is the water fluid from blood without the clotting factors. Plasma is the blood … Read more
S.N. Characteristics Replication Transcription 1. Definition DNA replication is the process of making two daughter strand where each daughter strand contains half of the original DNA double helix. Transcription is the process of synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template. 2. Purpose To conserve … Read more
Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell. Meiosis is a type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half … Read more
Here are 17 differences between DNA and RNA. S.N. DNA RNA 1. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The sugar portion of DNA is 2-Deoxyribose. RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. The sugar portion of RNA is Ribose. 2. The helix geometry of DNA is of B-Form … Read more
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites so they depend on host for their survival. They cannot be grown in non-living culture media or on agar plates alone, they must require living cells to support their replication. The primary purpose of virus cultivation is: To isolate and … Read more
Flagella are the complex filamentous cytoplasmic structure protruding through cell wall. These are unbranched, long, thread like structures, mostly composed of the protein flagellin, intricately embedded in the cell envelope. Cilia are slender, microscopic, hair-like structures or organelles that extend from the surface of nearly … Read more
Bacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular microorganisms, which lack chlorophyll pigments. The cell structure is simpler than that of other organisms as there is no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Due to the presence of a rigid cell wall, bacteria maintain a definite shape, though they vary … Read more
Introduction of Flagella Flagella are the complex filamentous cytoplasmic structure protruding through cell wall. These are unbranched, long, thread like structures, mostly composed of the protein flagellin, intricately embedded in the cell envelope. They are about 12-30 nm in diameter and 5-16 µm in length. They … Read more