…Broth. If the organism possesses beta-galactosidase, the enzyme will split the beta-galactoside bond, releasing o-nitrophenol which is a yellow-colored compound. This indicates a positive test. In the disk method, the organism…
…mucosal associated lymphoid tissue. 17. Composition The innate immune system is composed of physical and chemical barriers, phagocytic leukocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and plasma proteins. Adaptive immune system…
…the α-naphthylamine to create the red complex. Jess Hi Andrew, could you please declare the reagents A and B mentioned on above comment? Thanks a lot. Irazema I’m doing some…
…to the place where the two streak lines come into proximity. The hemolytic activity of the beta-hemolysin produced by most strains of Staphylococcus aureus is enhanced by extracellular protein produced…
1. They are aerobic and facultative anaerobes. 2. They grow best at 37 degree Celsius. 3. Group D grow well at between 10 degree Celsius and 45 degree Celsius. 4….
…colitis, intravenous drug use, and colorectal cancer. Staphylococci, are thought to cause more than 50% of cases of sepsis. Other commonly implicated bacteria include Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,…
…metabolic functions. 14. They cannot regulate morphogenesis. Generally regulate morphogenesis, especially secondary sex character. 15. Examples: – Oxidoreductases – Transferases – Hydrolases Examples: – Insulin, – Glucagon, – T3, T4,…
…to diacetyl, which then reacts with guanidine compounds commonly found in the peptone medium of the broth. So oxidation need oxygen. not for organisms (it does fermentation) but for the…
…important in pathogenicity. Encapsulated form are coccobacilli, CSF Sample Non-Capsulated are pleomorphic, long, thread, filamentous Fastidious Microorganism It is the first free living organisms to have its entire genome sequenced;…
…small drop (more than a loop full, less than a free falling drop from the dropper) of nigrosin near one end of a well-cleaned and flamed slide. 2. Remove a…
…minutes. Result Interpretation of PYR Test Positive: Bright pink or cherry-red color within 1-2 minutes. Examples: Group A Streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes), Group D Enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus…
Flagella are the complex filamentous cytoplasmic structure protruding through cell wall. These are unbranched, long, thread like structures, mostly composed of the protein flagellin, intricately embedded in the cell envelope….
…high affinity for ergosterol present in fungal cell membrane. It then gets combined with the membrane and get inserted into the membrane and several molecules together orient themselves in such…
…Positive Reaction: A distinct red color (A) Examples: E. coli, Yersinia sps, etc. Negative Reaction: A yellow color (B) Examples: Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, etc. A weak positive is red-orange. If…
…on an agar plate, allowing the antibiotic to diffuse into the medium and inhibit the growth of susceptible organisms. After incubation, the inoculated plates are examined for zones of inhibition…
Chi-Ho Chan Autoantibody can attack our self-antigen and cause autoimmune diseases. Emmanuel Aroma It’s right and their production comes about as a result of medications for instance patients administered with…
…as pre-existing poor sanitary infrastructures, water supply and sewerage systems. The most common causes of morbidity and mortality in this situation are diarrheal disease and acute respiratory infections. Waterborne diseases:…
…the brain (Brain Parenchyma). 2 Causative Agent Bacteria, Viruses and Fungi Mostly Viruses 3 Common Causes Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitides are the most common causes of meningitis in adults….
…principle of the latex agglutination. When latex particles complexed human anti-CRP are mixed with a patient’s serum containing C reactive proteins, an visible agglutination reaction will take place within 2 minutes. Uses of CRP Test CRP…
…was done and examined for cocci. The numbers of organisms present in the blood treated with sodium deoxycholate and in the untreated blood were compared. Result Interpretation of Bile Solubility…
…DNA is susceptible to UV damage. Compared with DNA, RNA is relatively resistant to UV damage. 9. Hydrogen bonds are formed between complementary nitrogen bases of the opposite strands (A-T,…
S.N.CharacteristicsChickenpoxSmallpox1 Causative Agent Varicella Zoster Virus (Herpes Virus) Variola virus (Pox Virus) 2 Incubation period 14-21 days 7-17 days 3 Severity Chickenpox is less deadly comparing to small pox. Smallpox…
…until the mid-1950s. Optochin is a chemical, ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride and is completely soluble in water. It is useful in the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus most commonly susceptible to…
…the medium. Litmus milk then forms an excellent differential medium in which microorganisms can metabolize milk substrates depending on their enzymatic complement. A variety of different biochemical changes result. Fermentation…
kenesa what is the difference between P.auroginosa and enteric bacteria Amit Khanal Thank you Sagar Aryal sir..this is exactly the information I needed (infact this is the best information that…
sani ali what is media choice of growing Proteus mirabilis Navdeep warude What is best identification of corynebacterium diphtheria Olivia Cage Nutrient agar is always a safe choice. MacConkey is…
Janice Bartlett Your work here, Dr. Aryal, is wonderful, and an excellent source of great research in the field of Microbiology! Thanks for sharing! Vasisht Chowdary Arginine dihydrolase is negative…
Abu Thanks for you!! please can you give me any information for streptococcus mutans.(isolation .charactrestic. biochemical test . habitat .pathogenicity ) I’m doing research on dental caries profile of bacteria…
…Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. Church D. 2016. Biochemical Tests for the Identification of Aerobic Bacteria, p 3.17.1.1-3.17.48.3. In Leber A (ed), Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, Fourth Edition. ASM Press, Washington, DC. doi: 10.1128/9781555818814.ch3.17 https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/LSG/manuals/IFU60012.pdf www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555818814.chap3.17…
…& Forbes, B. A. (2014). Bailey & Scott’s diagnostic microbiology (Thirteenth edition.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. textbookofbacteriology.net/pseudomonas.html https://courses.lumenlearning.com/microbiology/chapter/temperature-and-microbial-growth/ (1979). Growth of non-fermentative bacteria at 42 degrees C. Journal of clinical microbiology, 10(6), 800-4. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-642-40872-4_1610-2…